泰晤士报电子烟究竟对人体有没有危害？
电子烟究竟对人体有没有危害？音频：进度条00:0002:50后退15秒倍速快进15秒
Can vaping damage vital immune system cells ?
电子烟会损害重要的免疫细胞吗?
Vaping can damage vital immune system cells and may be more harmful than previously thought, a study suggests. Researchers found e-cigarette vapour disabled important immune cells in the lung and boostedinflammation.
一项研究表明，电子烟会损害人体重要的免疫细胞，其危害可能比我们此前认为的更大。研究人员发现，电子烟产生的蒸汽会导致肺部重要的免疫细胞失效，从而导致炎症加剧。
The researchers caution against the widely held opinion that e-cigarettes are safe.However, Public Health England advises they are much less harmful than smoking and people should not hesitate to use them as an aid to giving up cigarettes.
研究人员告诫人们，要警惕电子烟很安全这种观点。然而，英国公共卫生部认为，电子烟的危害要比香烟小得多，它建议人们应该毫不犹豫地使用电子烟作为戒烟的辅助手段。
The small experimental study, led by Prof David Thickett, at the University of Birmingham, is published online in the journal Thorax.Previous studies have focused on the chemical composition of e-cigarette liquid before it is vaped.
伯明翰大学的的大卫·蒂克特牵头开展了一项小型实验性研究，研究结果发表在在线期刊《胸腔》上。此前，电子烟相关研究的重点都集中在电子烟液挥发前的化学成分上。
In this study, the researchers devised a mechanical procedure to mimic vaping in the laboratory, using lung tissue samples provided by eight non-smokers.
而在这项研究中，研究人员设计了一整套机械程序，在实验室中使用8名不吸烟者提供的肺组织样本模拟吸电子烟的过程。
They found vapour caused inflammation and impaired the activity of alveolar macrophages, cells that remove potentially damaging dust particles, bacteria and allergens.They said some of the effects were similar to those seen in regular smokers and people with chronic lung disease.
他们发现电子烟蒸汽会引起炎症，还会削弱肺泡巨噬细胞的活性，而肺泡巨噬细胞又是清除潜在致损性尘粒、细菌以及过敏原的必要细胞。研究人员称，电子烟对人体的影响与常规吸烟者和慢性肺病患者的症状类似。
They caution the results are only in laboratory conditions and advise further research is needed to better understand the long-term health impact——the changes recorded took place only over 48 hours.
他们警告称，这些结果只是在实验室条件下得出的，还需要进一步的研究才能更好地了解电子烟对健康的长期影响——在实验室环境下，电子烟蒸汽仅用了48个小时便使肺部组织恶化了。
An independent review of the latest evidence on e-cigarettes was published by Public Health England in February. The review concluded there was "overwhelming evidence" they were far safer than smoking and "ofnegligiblerisk tobystanders" and advised they should be available on prescription because of how successful they had been in helping people give up smoking.
今年2月，英国公共卫生部公布了一份有关电子烟危害最新证据的独立调查报告。该报告称，最新的有力证据表明，电子烟比香烟安全得多，而且对旁人的有害影响可以忽略不计，研究者还建议将电子烟列入处方药名单，因为它已经帮助很多人成功地戒掉了烟瘾。
Prof Thickett said while e-cigarettes were safer than traditional cigarettes, they may still be harmful in the long-term as research was in its infancy.In terms of cancer causing molecules in cigarette smoke, as opposed to cigarette vapour, there are certainly reduced numbers of carcinogens, he said.
西克特教授表示，尽管电子烟比传统香烟更安全，但由于研究尚处于起步阶段，从长期来看，它们仍有可能存在危害。他说:相比传统香烟，电子烟产生的致癌物质肯定要少一些。
They are safer in terms of cancer risk——but if you vape for 20 or 30 years and this can cause COPD [chronicobstructivepulmonary disease], then thats something we need to know about.
就癌症风险而言，电子烟更为安全，但如果吸食电子烟20年甚至30年，就仍有可能导致慢性阻塞性肺病，这一点是我们需要了解的。
Martin Dockrell,tobacco control lead at Public Health England, said:"E-cigarettes are not 100% risk-free but they are clearly much less harmful than smoking. Any smoker considering e-cigarettes should switch completely without delay."
英国公共卫生部控烟负责人马丁·多克雷尔表示：电子烟并非100%没有风险，但其危害明显要比传统香烟小得多，那些仍在观望是否将电子烟作为辅助戒烟手段的烟民应该立刻行动起来。
(全文共380个词，标红单词为考研重难点词汇)
重难点词汇：
inflammation[ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃn] n. 炎症；燃烧
negligible[ˈneɡlɪdʒəbl] adj. 微不足道的；可以忽略的
bystander[ˈbaɪstændər] n. 旁观者；看热闹的人
obstructive[əbˈstrʌktɪv] adj. 阻碍的；妨碍的 n. 障碍物
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